Estudios exegéticos de los últimos años coinciden en retomar las contra-conductas para pensar la articulación del gobierno y la ética en los planteos de Michel Foucault entre fines de la década del setenta y principios de los ochenta. Enmarcándonos en esta línea, nos proponemos reconstruir el entendimiento estratégico que el pensador francés esboza de la voluntad como una clave para: 1. repensar las relaciones entre sujeción y subjetivación desde la “obligación de verdad”; 2. clarificar que la relación reflexiva consigo mismo (...) no constituye un reducto aislado de las relaciones de gobierno, y 3. considerar la recreación del lazo omnes et singulatim a partir de la idea de “espiritualidad política” que Foucault vincula con la emergencia de una voluntad colectiva. A través de estos puntos, intentaremos exponer cómo las prácticas de libertad involucran operaciones complejas de aceptación y rechazo que las hacen contra-estratégicas más que anti-estratégicas frente al gobierno. (shrink)

Resumen: El corpus, siendo una herramienta eficaz, se está empleando en múltiples ámbitos, entre los que se encuentran los estudios de traducción. Sin embargo, dicho recurso no se utiliza con mucha frecuencia en las investigaciones traductológicas cuando una de las lenguas en cuestión es chino clásico (la lengua escrita empleada antiguamente en China), y autores que sí hacen estas investigaciones suelen no mencionar los pasos a seguir cuando se trata un corpus paralelo ad hoc. El objetivo del presente artículo es (...) presentar cómo se elabora un corpus paralelo chino clásico-español tomando como ejemplo la novela histórica Romance de los Tres Reinos y sus traducciones al español. Para ello, hemos descrito la problemática de creación y explotación de este tipo de corpus, siguiendo el orden de las fases del proceso. Resulta que algunas fases del proceso son universales, mientras que otras son propias de lenguas clásicas y de la combinación lingüística chino-otra lengua, en cuyo caso sí faltan aplicaciones eficaces. Con el trabajo, esperamos deparar información a los estudiosos que quieran realizar y profundizar las investigaciones basadas en corpus paralelo y en las obras clásicas de China. Abstract: The corpus, being an effective tool, is utilized in multiple fields. One of them is the Translation. However, this resource isn´t used frequently in translation studies when one of the languages in question is classical chinese (written language used anciently in China). And when it comes to an ad hoc parallel corpus, the steps of how to create it are usually omitted by researchers who make such investigations. The objective of this article is to present how to elaborate a classic Chinese-Spanish parallel corpus taking as example the historic novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms and its two translations into Spanish. To reach the objective, we have described the problem of creation and exploitation of this type of corpus, following the order of the phases of the process. We’ve found that some of the phases are universal while other phases are unique for old languages and for the linguistic combination Chinese-other language. And in this latter case, there’s a lack of effective applications. With the current work, we hope to offer useful information to those scholars who are willing to carry out their own investigations based on self-built parallel corpus and at the same time related to the classic Chinese works. (shrink)

ABSTRACT:In this article we investigate a philosophical problem for normative business ethics theory suggested by a phenomenon that contemporary psychologists call “bounded ethicality,” which can be identified with the putative fact that well-intentioned people, constrained by psychological limitations, make ethical choices inconsistent with their own ethical beliefs and commitments. When one combines the idea that bounded ethicality is pervasive with the idea that a person morally ought to do something only if she can, it raises a doubt about the practical (...) relevance of the moral principles that business ethics theory prescribes. We call this doubt the Radical Behavioral Challenge. It consists in the idea that people cannot generally conform to the normative ethical principles that business ethics theorists prescribe, and that these principles are therefore practically irrelevant. We answer the Radical Behavioral Challenge and explore normative implications of our answer. (shrink)

This paper examines what managers ought to do when confronted with apparent moral conflicts between their managerial responsibilities and the general requirements of morality, specifically when those conflicts are driven by the institutional environment. I examine Google’s decision to enter the Chinese search engine market as an example of such a conflict. I consider the view that Google’s managers engaged in justifiable moral compromise in making the choice to engage in self-censorship and show how this view depends on the idea (...) of genuine moral dilemmas or irresolvable moral conflicts. I argue that there are serious reasons to doubt the existence of genuine moral dilemmas both in the abstract, as well as in the context of managerial responsibility. I propose an alternative account for what Google’s managers ought to do, as well as others who face relevantly similar situations. The account contains two conditions for permissibly contributing to another party’s failure to live up to their moral responsibilities. The first condition is that the manager must intend and act in such a way as to minimize the firm’s complicity in the other entity or actor’s failure, which in most cases will imply a duty for the manager to take actions that aim towards changing the institutional context. Under the second condition, managers ought to communicate to the firm’s constituents that they take seriously the importance of the interests at stake. (shrink)

Between 1494 and 1498, Savonarola was involved in a wide range of actions and challenges: exposition of his theological doctrine, reformist activities, moral and political preaching and prophetic announcements. Initially, much of this activity was dominated by a rhetoric of peace, an idea closely linked to the Christian and scholastic tradition. Under the auspices of Savonarola, Florence promulgated the Legge della pace, a law designed to moderate executive power and ensure the reconciliation of citizens. However, the severe Florentine crisis and (...) the polarisation around his figure led Savonarola to change his discourse according to the practical needs of the moment. The scholastic notion of peace, understood as the harmonious unity of plurality, in fact allowed for a friend-foe logic; however, it was far removed from the civic-republican approach to politics. (shrink)

Teniendo en cuenta las principales objeciones que se le han planteado a la problematización ética de Michel Foucault, en el presente trabajo proponemos reconstruir dos motivos para pensar su dimensión afirmativa: la cultura y el “combate de las formas”. La cultura como objeto de crítica y transformación posible y las _formas_ como relevo histórico de los universales, ideales y trascendentales, son referencias constantes en el pensamiento de Foucault que, recuperadas a la luz de los planteos y aportes teórico-metodológicos de sus (...) últimas indagaciones, permiten reunir la faz crítica de la genealogía con la orientación propositiva del arte de vivir. Planteando la relación entre verdad y poder como _disposición característica de nuestra cultura_ y precisando una constitución _polémica _del _ethos _que enlaza indefectiblemente con las configuraciones de la _vida en común_, indicaremos los aportes e inquietudes que se abren para continuar pensando la problematización ética de Foucault. (shrink)

Il a fallu deux ans pour la parution de l’édition française de ce court mais très dense ouvrage concernant le partage eucharistique entre les Églises de la Réforme et l’Église catholique. Et on ne peut que déplorer l’absence des Églises orthodoxes dans ce débat si central pour l’œcuménisme. L’originalité de la recherche est tout d’abord dans la méthode adoptée : partir des pratiques de partage eucharistique déjà officiellement en vigueur dans plusieurs contextes pour en déduire des positions ..

In “The Text of Space – the Space of Text” Ai Maeda seeks to determinate what is specific to the spatial experience of the literary text, beginning with a phenomenological analysis of the act of reading, which he further reformulates following the axioms of topology. Meanwhile, he replaces his analyses of this lived space in the literary representation of a concrete spatiality, that of modern urban space. By doing so, his theoretical claim is superimposed on a cultural critic of Japanese (...) modernity. One can thus read Maeda’s spatiality as one of the first response from contemporary Japanese critical thought to Kitarô Nishida’s basho and his followers of the Kyoto school. (shrink)

To carry out a bibliographic review of the factors associated with behavioral difficulties in children, but there are global data on these variables. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the factors associated with behavioral difficulties in boys and girls to identify the most influential countries, authors, magazines and institutions, their structures and research directions. Design: This review is based on bibliometric and network analysis of literature published in Scopus and Web of Science. A total (...) of 110 scientifically mapped articles were found in this area. (shrink)

Traditional games are considered agents of enculturation. This article explores the procedure to access the cultural meanings transmitted in a traditional game. The goal is to understand what children aged 6–11 make of the game called ‘the chained bear’ and to compare the meanings retrieved with those of different traditional versions of the game. For such a purpose, through an exploratory cross-sectional study, cartoons depicting people playing the game were exhibited and viewers were asked to interpret them as a drama (...) play, as well as contributing a title, a plot and saying how they would name the characters. The results show that, beyond the individual images that each child created in their mind, most of them coincided in stories about harassment and defense and theft and protection. These plots match those of the ludic tradition, showing that the actions evoke different pictures to each individual, but share common cultural meanings in turn. The study shows a procedure to access the meanings that traditional games transmit and confirms that games contain pieces of culture, which makes them agents of enculturation. (shrink)

This paper aims to analyze the alleged inversion of truth discourse ́s appraisal in Michel Foucault’s works between the early seventies and his last lectures of the eighties. We propose that, by reconstructing the contraposition between philosophical discourse and sophistical practice and the dispute between Socrates’s parrhesia and rhetoric presented in each moment, the question can be treated as the problem of truth discourse’s operation on the field of social practices. Considering the ethical and political stipulations and effects of both (...) the rhetorical techné and the philosophical techné of discourse, we understand that between the “rhetorization of philosophy” and the “ontology of veridiction” that Foucault introduces in each occasion, there is not an inversion of perspective. Instead, there is a specification of the philosophical truth-telling as a practice that, confronted with other discourses indifferent to the truth, manifests a deep concern and commitment with a situated and relational construction of the ethos and the life in common. (shrink)

Resumen: Esta exposición intenta comprender las formas culturales de comunicación y fijación mnémica en una narración específica que Davi Kopenawa, chamán Yanomami, expone al antropólogo Bruce Albert, en virtud de los modos de existencia amazónicos, refiriéndose en particular a la intensidad de los espíritus selváticos y a la experiencia chamánica con los mundos espirituales. En el contexto de una extensión vegetal dispersa y sobresaliente, afirmamos una sociabilidad cotidiana en el marco de una “ética respetuosa o amorosa” entre todas las formas (...) de vida, expresada estéticamente en formas significantes y transportadoras de emociones desarrolladas por la cosmología amazónica. Para ello utilizamos las nociones que Aby Warburg emplea en su estudio de la cultura de las imágenes, en tanto curso por el que estas pueden entenderse como organismos vivientes susceptibles a transformación, preservando su propia biología en la trasmisión codificada de la memoria.: This exhibition tries to understand the cultural forms of communication and mnemic fixation in a specific narrative that Davi Kopenawa, Yanomami shaman, exposes to the anthropologist Bruce Albert, by virtue of Amazonian modes of existence, especially referring to the intensity of jungle spirits and experience Shamanic with spiritual worlds. In the context of a dispersed and outstanding plant extension, we affirm a daily sociability within the framework of a “respectful or loving ethic” among all life forms, aesthetically expressed in significant and transporting forms of emotions developed by Amazonian cosmology. For this we use the notions that Aby Warburg uses in his study of the culture of images, as a course by which they can be understood as living organisms susceptible to transformation, preserving their own biology in the coded transmission of memory. (shrink)

La extensión crítica pone énfasis en la prioridad de conseguir que las personas egresadas universitarios tengan conocimientos, capacidades, habilidades y destrezas técnicas y humanas para aportar en la resolución de problemáticas socioculturales de la manera más activa, justa, crítica y transformadora posible. A partir de una exploración cualitativa, tomando de base el enfoque de las capacidades y la extensión crítica, el estudio de caso de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina, muestra que el estudiantado consigue poner el valor a las (...) capacidades logradas en su formación universitaria derivadas de las prácticas extensionistas. El estudiantado reportó el fortalecimiento de seis capacidades humanas y profesionales, alineadas con el desarrollo humano, que sirven para un profesionalismo que aspira a aportar a las transformaciones sociales más justas y democráticas, en favor de la defensa de la vida y del planeta. Este resultado apunta, por un lado, el potencial de la extensión crítica en la formación integral universitaria y, por otro, la necesidad de avanzar hacia una institucionalidad centrada en tales capacidades estudiantiles, como componentes estratégicos para una nueva agenda universitaria latinoamericana. (shrink)

New class of therapies, including bipolar therapies (BPT) and paradoxical unipolar therapies (PUT) were firstly proposed in relation to a clinical insight and to some results of biological investigations, then they gave rise to mathematical modeling which brought a justification of these therapies, at least from a theoretical point of view. After recalling the mathematical model for the regulation of agonistic antagonistic couples, and reporting the fundamental types of control simulation by means of it, we point out the validity of (...) therapeutical applications inferred from this model. These therapy modalities, including BPT and PUT, now concern the following diseases: astrocytomas, epilepsia and trials on multiple sclerosis. Even if such attempts are in their early stage, noticeably for the last case where biological changes have mainly been studied, it seems that a large span of treatments is open to BPT and PUT. Improvement of these techniques in the future depends, in our opinion, on a parallel working on the dynamics of the mathematical model and the dynamics, perceived by clinical insight and confirmed by biological investigations, of the body reactions to such strategies. Justification of BPT and PUT was given, by resorting to the notion of pathological homeostasis which, too often, intervenes in order to nullify the effects of unilateral (not paradoxical) therapies. This research has elicited some therapies which use two agents with antagonistic effects or only an agent with effects similar to the agent already in excess in the body - in both cases at nearly physiological doses. (shrink)

O artigo discute a representação Cisterciense do labor monástico. Ele baseia-se primordialmente em fontes polemistas e hagiográficas, tendo o intuito de entender como o discurso monástico sobre as atividades manuais, fora dos muros do mosteiro, se tornou, na Ordem de Cister, um importante elemento de construção identitária. Deseja-se reexaminar o lugar do trabalho manual nos discursos elaborados pelos monges, de modo a interrogar sobre as relações – no seio do monacato e globalmente nas sociedades medievais – entre representação do trabalho (...) e modelo de sociedade. Não é por acaso que o debate monástico se torne agudo e mude de natureza na virada do século XI para o XII, fazendo emergir uma ideia do trabalho que não é mais exclusivamente um instrumento de penitência, mas também um meio positivo de distinção e de hierarquização no caminho da perfeição e, portanto, da salvação. Deste ponto de vista, a virada dos séculos XI e XII seria, através do novo monacato, portadora de um novo paradigma transmitido tanto pelas cartas, quanto pelos textos narrativos, das homilias ou das hagiografias. Assim, se os Cistercienses não romperam com a imagem ascética e penitencial do trabalho, o enriqueceram claramente com um valor positivo, a serviço de uma maior perfeição comunitária. (shrink)

Las tierras arrasadas de Emiliano Monge se encuentra entre el creciente corpus de novelas y películassobre los migrantes centroamericanos y los diferentes tipos de violencia que afrontan. Monge aborda en esta obra los efectos de la militarización en la política migratoria de México, impulsada por la guerra contra el narco que comenzó en 2006. Esta novela lleva a cabo un desmonte crítico del humanitarismo literario al tiempo que enfatiza la vulnerabilidad de los migrantes y su agencia. En tal (...) sentido, se explora la forma en la que, en cuanto ficción posthumanitaria, la novela encarna las diferentes formas en que opera el orden necropolítico en la vulnerabilidad de estos migrantes centroamericanos indocumentados a lo largo de su periplo. (shrink)

A presentation of preliminary manuals of logic that are common for both Sautrantika and Chittamatra school.

ABSTRACTBusiness actors often act in ways that may harm other parties. While the law aims to restrict harmful behavior and to provide remedies, legal systems do not anticipate all contingencies and legal regulations are not always well-enforced. This article argues that the logic of double effect, which has been developed and deployed in other areas of practical ethics, can be useful in helping business actors decide whether or not to pursue potentially harmful activities in commonplace business activity. The article illustrates (...) how LDE helps to explain the exploitative nature of payday lending, the distinction between permissible and impermissible forms of market competition, and the potential wrong of imposing risk of harm on others. The article also addresses foundational debates about LDE itself. We offer the article as an illustration of the sort of “midlevel” theorizing that can address directly the needs of practitioners. (shrink)

Los efectos editoriales que provoca la obtención del Premio Nobel de Literatura resultan notorios. Así queda corroborado con la publicación de Medio siglo con Borges. Se trata de un breve libro que contiene dos entrevistas y cinco artículos que, desde 1964 hasta el 2014, Mario Vargas Llosa dedicó al escritor argentino...